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Processes 2021, 9, x FOR PEER REVIEW 7 of 14 Processes 2021, 9, 528 7 of 14 flux. This self-adjusting of composites between two phases may be attributed to the di- verse chemical potential of elements in PSFA and CPM phases. Figure 3. EDXS and element mapping images for (a) CPFe-PSFA, (b) CPCo-PSFA, (c) CPNi-PSFA, Figure 3. EDXS and element mapping images for (a) CPFe-PSFA, (b) CPCo-PSFA, (c) CPNi-PSFA, and (d) CPCu-PSFA composite membranes after sintering at 1275◦°C for 5 h. and (d) CPCu-PSFA composite membranes after sintering at 1275 C for 5 h. Next, we study the effect of the sintering acids on the oxygen permeability through Next, we study the effect of the sintering acids on the oxygen permeability through the CthPeMC-PSMFA-POSFTAMOs.TFMrosm. FriogmureF4igau, irtec4aan,biet cseaennbtehastetehnetohxaytgtehnepoexrymgeantipoenrrmateeastitohnroruagtehs atlhlrtohuegChPaMll-tPhSeFACPOMT-MPSsFinAcrOeaTsMews inthcrtehaesienwcrietmhethnetoinfcmremaseunrtinogf mtemeapseuraintugrete.mItpisewraoturtrhe. nItotisinwgothrtaht nthoetindguathl-apthtahsedmueaml-pbhransesmdeompbedrawneisthdCopueadnwd iCthoCinutoanthdeCflouionrtiotethpehaflsueoCriPte sphhoawsehCigPhsehroowxyhgigenhepreorxmyegaebnilpiteyrmtheanbitlihtaytthoafnthtehaptroisfttihnepCrPis-tPinSeFACPm-PeSmFbAramnemubnrdaenre tuhnedseimr tihlaersoipmeirlatrionpecroantidointiocnon. dTihteio0n..6Tmhme 0-t.6himckmne-tshsicCkPnCeuss-PCSPFCAum-PeSmFAbramnemebxhraibnietsexa- −1 −2 ◦ −1 −2 1h.0ib5imtsLa1m.0in5mLcmin ocxmygeonxpyegremnepaetriomneraattioenatra1t0e0a0t1C00w0h°Cenwuhseinguhseinliguhmelaisumswaesespwgeaesp, wghasic,hwrheiaccheresatchheemsitnhiemmuimnivmaulumeovfalouxeygoefnoxpyegrmeneapteiormnerateio(n1mraLtem(1inmLcmin )crmequ)ire-- mquenirtefmorenthtefoarppthliecatpiopnlicoaftoioxnygoefnopxeyrgmeneapbelermeeamblberamnems ibnraindeussitnryin[d49u]s.tIrnya[4d9d]i.tiIonna,dthdei- −1 −2 otxioyng,enthpeeormxyegaetnionperramteetahtrioungrhatehethCrPoCugoh-PtShFeACmPeCmob-PraSnFeAremacehmebsr0a.n87e mreLacmheins 0.8c7mmL ◦ −1 −2 amt 1in000cmC, wathi1c0h00is °1C3%, whhigicheristh1a3n%thaitgohferCPth-aPnSFtAha. tHofwCePv-ePr,StFhAer.eHisowa seuvbetrl,etihnecrreaisea of the oxygen permeation rates through the CPNi-PSFA and CPFe-PSFA composite mem- subtle increase of the oxygen permeation rates through the CPNi-PSFA and CPFe-PSFA branes in comparison with that of CP-PSFA membrane (see Figure 5). The above results composite membranes in comparison with that of CP-PSFA membrane (see Figure 5). The indicate that the doping of Cu and Co has a positive effect on the oxygen permeability above results indicate that the doping of Cu and Co has a positive effect on the oxygen of the CP-PSFA-based membranes. This positive effect may be ascribed to the partial permeability of the CP-PSFA-based membranes. This positive effect may be ascribed to 4+ 2+2+ substitution of Ce by lower4+valent Cu and Co2+ , which2+provide more oxygen vacan- the partial substitution of Ce by lower valent Cu and Co , which provide more oxygen cies for CP. On the other hand, we have used the physical property measurement system vacancies for CP. On the other hand, we have used the physical property measurement (PPMS) to measure the resistivity in the 275 K–350 K of our 60 wt.%Ce Pr M O -40 system (PPMS) to measure the resistivity in the 275 K–30.5805 K0.1 o0f.05ou2-rδ 60 wt.%Pr Sr Fe Al O (M = Fe, Co, Ni, Cu) (CPM-PSFA) samples. The results are 0.6 0.4 0.8 0.2 3-δ wt.%Ce0.85Pr0.1M0.05O2-δ-40 wt.%Pr0.6Sr0.4Fe0.8Al0.2O3-δ (M = Fe, Co, Ni, Cu) (CPM-PSFA) sam- shown in Figure S5 in our revised manuscript. In addition, the calculated electronic con- ples. The results are shown in Figure S5 in our revised manuscript. In addition, the calcu- ductivity of CPM-PSFA (M = Fe, Co, Ni, Cu) at 350 K are 0.11499 S·cm−1, 0.2172 S·cm−1, lated electronic conductivity of CPM-PSFA (M = Fe, Co, Ni, Cu) at 350 K are 0.11499 S∙cm−1, 0.11448 S·cm−1, and 0.23083 S·cm−1. Among them, CPCu-PSFA shows the highest conduc- tivity at 350 K, followed by the CPCo-PSFA. Thus, the doping of Cu2+ and Co2+ provides a certain electronic conductivity for CP, which means that the materials consist of two −1 −2 −1 −2PDF Image | CO2-Tolerant Oxygen Permeation Membranes
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