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Participants BMW, International Fuel Cells (a) Ballard, Daimler- Chrysler (b) BMW, Delphi, Global Thermoelectric (c) Application passenger car, BMW 7-series Class 8 Freightliner heavy-duty Century Class S/T truck cab passenger car Size range 5kW net 1.4 kW net for 8000 BTU/h A/C unit 1-5kW net Fuel /Fuel Cell type Hydrogen, Atmospheric PEM Hydrogen, PEM Gasoline, SOFC Nature of Activity Demonstration Demonstration Technology development program (a) “Fuel Cell Auxiliary Power Unit – Innovation for the Electric Supply of Passenger Cars?” J. Tachtler et al. BMW Group, SAE 2000-01-0374, Society of Automotive Engineers, 2000. (b) “Freightliner unveils prototype fuel cell to power cab amenities”, O. B. Patten, Roadstaronline.com news, July 20, 2000. (c) Company press releases, 1999. Figure 1-7 Overview of Fuel Cell Activities Aimed at APU Applications Auxiliary power units are devices that provide all or part of the non-propulsion power for vehicles. Such units are already in widespread use in a range of vehicle types and for a variety of applications, in which they provide a number of potential benefits (see Figure 1-8). Although each of these applications could provide attractive future markets for fuel cells, this section will focus on application to on-road vehicles (specifically trucks). Vehicles Types Loads Serviced Potential Benefits • Heavy-duty & utility trucks • Airplanes • Trains • Yachts & Ships • Recreational vehicles • Automobiles & light trucks (not commercial yet) • Space conditioning • Refrigeration • Lighting and other cabin amenities • Communication and information equipment • Entertainment (TV, radio) • Can operate when main engine unavailable • Reduce emissions and noise while parked • Extend life of main engine • Improve power generation efficiency when parked Figure 1-8 Overview of APU Applications In 1997, the Office of Naval Research initiated an advanced development program to demonstrate a ship service fuel cell power generation module. The ship service generator supplies the electrical power requirements of the ship. This program would provide the basis for a new fuel cell-based design as an attractive option for future Navy surface ships. This program would provide the Navy with a ship service that is more efficient, and incorporates a distributed power system that would remain operating even if the ship’s engine is destroyed. Fuel cells can serve as a generator, battery charger, battery replacements and heat supply. They can adapt to most environments, even locations in Arctic and Antarctic regions. One effort, in collaboration with the Army Research Office, has demonstrated a prototype fuel cell designed to replace a popular military standard battery. The target application is the Army's BA-5590 primary (i.e., use-once-and-dispose) lithium battery. The Army purchases approximately 350,000 of these batteries every year at a cost of approximately $100 per battery, including almost $30 1-24PDF Image | Fuel Cell Handbook (Seventh Edition)
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