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Hydrogen Production: Fundamentals

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Hydrogen Production: Fundamentals ( hydrogen-production-fundamentals )

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rapid changes of input power (15% to 100% capacity in 1 sec). The electrolyzer operates in various modes (percentage of wind turbine production, “peak-shaving,” etc.), with excess energy from the wind turbine being fed to the grid. The electrolytic hydrogen is purified prior to entering a buffer tank. Part of the produced hydrogen is stored in novel metal hydride tanks having capacities of approximately 40 Nm3 H2. The rest of the produced hydrogen is compressed to 220 bar and fed to cylinders at a filling station. Several conclusions were reached from this undertaking: • Besides meeting technical and cost targets and addressing safety issues, the design of a hydrogen energy system must be done in relation to what is market ready—there is no point to optimizing a system that specifies units having capacity that is not available or that are still at an early development phase. • The transportation and installation of hardware is something to be considered for such installations that in many cases are remote and have poor access. In terms of size and weight in combination with the poor access road quality, the capacities of the systems involved at the present site were the limit for conventional trucks and lifting equipment. Spain RES2H2 Project A second component of the RES2H2 project is located at the Instituto Tecnológico de Canarias, on Gran Canaria Island, Spain. The projects major components are: • Wind turbine: 500 kW (ENERCON) • Electrolyzer: 5 Nm3/h H2 per 20 bar • Hydrogen compressor: 7.5 kW per 220 bar. The goal for this site is to optimize the energy produced by a wind turbine by providing electricity to the grid, and producing drinking water through a reverse-osmosis plant and hydrogen through an electrolyzer (this will be stored in a tank and used in a fuel cell for re- electrification purposes). ITHER Project The aim of the ITHER Project is the start-up of an installation that enables testing of hydrogen generation by electrolysis, using electricity obtained from renewable sources, with the most diverse available technologies. The project tries to cover all of the hydrogen chain (production, management, and efficient use), obtaining the primary energy from renewable sources by means of processes currently available (photovoltaic and wind). The project consists of three turbines, each with a different type of technology and on an average range of powers (80 kW, 225 kW, and 330 kW). With this infrastructure, it is expected to be pioneering not only in Spain, but also at an international level due to the range of powers handled. For hydrogen storage, the project includes three metal hydride tanks with a capacity of 7 Nm3 each used to store 100 kWh of energy. In addition to the metal hydride tanks two other options exist, one is to store hydrogen gas at 45 bar in a tank and the second is using a trailer of cylinders 10

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