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Automotive Radial Turbine Expander Design WHR

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Automotive Radial Turbine Expander Design WHR ( automotive-radial-turbine-expander-design-whr )

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40 According to the authors, the major reasons for the outcomewere the different gaps and surface roughness of the prototype compared to the model assumptions. In 2013, Kunte and Seume [182] conducted a study on utilising wasted heat in the exhaust gases of a truckapplication using ORC. For the expander selection, the authors considered four turbines, namely, Pelton, Heron, radial inflow and axial impulse turbines as a pre-selection. They compared the above turbines based on their performance characteristics, such as efficiency, power output and rotational speed. Based on the investigations, they selected the single-stage axial impulse turbine because of its high efficiency at high pressure ratio and the possible compact design due to a single-stage design. According to the high expansion ratio, the turbine required a supersonic blade design becausea high expansion ratio leads to a big drop in enthalpy and a strong increase in outlet velocity. At the design point, using CFD Solver ANSYS CFX, the turbine provided a power of 8.39 kW with an efficiency of 58%. The ORC efficiency and the estimated fuel consumption were 13% and 3.4%, respectively. In 2015, Serrano et al. [183] conducted a simulation and experimental tests on recovering wasted heat in the exhaust gas of several diesel engines of a diesel-electric train. R245fa and fluid B (kept confidential) were selected as the working fluids. The expansion machine was an axial turbine coupled with a generator on the same axle. The simulation results showed that the expected ORC efficiency was approximately 6%–7%. The electrical power generated by the turbine was expected to range from 14 kW to 16 kW. Recently, Cipollone et al. [184] tested an ORC-based power unit on an IVECO NEF 67 turbocharged diesel engine with R245fa as the cycle working fluid and a single-stage axial turbine as the expansion machine. The results showed that as the expansion ratio increased, the turbine power and isentropic efficiency increased with maximum values of approximately 83% and 6.9 kW, respectively.

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