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CHAPTER 2: Organic Rankine Cycle – Literature Review of 0.748 with the turbine total power of 5000kWE and diameter of 410mm operating at the inlet temperature of 150°C. Sauret et al. (2011) performed thermodynamic modelling of the simple ORC for a geothermal binary power system using five different organic fluids. Then for the most promising cycle conditions the one-dimensional modelling of the RIT rotor was conducted in a separate module un-coupled with the ORC model. The maximum power of 332kW achieved by R143a and with turbine expansion ratio varied from 3.3 to 6.9. Reported results showed that maximum turbine isentropic efficiency of 78.5% was achieved by R143a with the turbine inlet total temperature and pressure of 140°C and 60bars respectively and rotor inlet diameter of 140mm rotating at 24000rpm. Pei et al. (2011) designed a small-scale ORC with R123 and RIT with the nominal power of 3.3kWE. Modelling results showed turbine isentropic efficiency of 71% operating at turbine inlet temperature and pressure of 100°C and 7.86bar respectively. The reported rotational speed and expansion ratio were 60000rpm and 7.145 respectively. They carried out experimental study of the proposed system to examine the turbine heat transfer and power conversion in the ORC. Their experimental results showed a total heat loss of 34W (based on convection and radiation) and maximum cycle thermal and turbine isentropic efficiencies of 6.8% and 65% respectively with a shaft power of 1.36 kW. Fiaschi et al. (2012) built a model for preliminary thermo-fluid dynamic design of a 50kWE RIT for the ORC and investigated the performance of six organic fluids. The model operated with twelve design inputs including thermodynamic and geometry ratio parameters. In order to achieve acceptable performance inputs were computer-aided adjusted by the operator. The maximum turbine isentropic efficiency of 83% was achieved by R134a with the turbine inlet total temperature and pressure of 147°C and 38bars respectively and with the rotor inlet diameter of 48mm rotating at 54000rpm. Kang (2012) designed an ORC system with nominal power of 30kWE based on the RIT using R245fa as the working fluid. The cycle analysis was conducted 47 | P a g ePDF Image | SMALL-SCALE RADIAL INFLOW TURBINE FOR WHR ORC
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