PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 015
Figure 10. (a) Net power produced by ORC and efficiency; and (b) expander pressure ratio and backwork ratio. Energies 2020, 13, 5846 15 of 23 Experimental evidence suggests that for given intake conditions (i.e., pressure and temperature), the vEaxnpeeprirmesesnutraelaetvtihdenecxehsaugstgepsotrsttohpatenfoinrgihvaerndilnytmakaetchoensdtihtieonflsu(iid.eo.,npereaststuhreeeaxnpdantedmerpoeruattluetr.e), thevaTnheperxepsseurirmeeanttahleienxdhiacautsetdpocyrtcloepeiniFniguhraerd1l1yamsahtocwhessathneoflvueirdexopnaenastiothnewexitphanredsepreocutttloet.the circuTithperexspsueriem,penextha,lwinhdicichalteaddcsytcoleainiFsiogcuhroer1ic1areschomwpsraenssoivoenreoxfptahneswioonrwkiinthgrfeluspidecatttothtehexchiracusit pstraerstsuanred,peven,twuahlilcyhtloeadlsowtoearninidsoicahtoerdicmrecohmanpicreaslspionwoerf.tThehuws,orthkeintgerflmuiodvaetrethxpeaenxshioanusmtsetanrst exh athnadtethvenptrueaslsluyrteooafltohweeflruiinddaictathteedemxheacuhsatnpicoarltpoopweneirn. gThisulso,wtheertehramn tohvaetriemxpaonsseidonbymtehaenfsluthida.tTthe praretesdsucraeseofisthineFfliugiudreat1t1hbe,wexihthauthsetporerstsouprenininsgidiestlhoewvearntheantttheateximhapuosstesdtabrytctlhoesefllyuimd.atTcheinrgatehde cairsceuiistionnFei.gFuorret1h1eb,swamitehcthoenvpernestisounreuisnesdidteotdhefvinaenethaettohvereexxhpaaunstsisotnar,tthcleosuenlydemr-aetxcphiangsitohneocicrcurist ownhee.nFtohrethperesasmurecinosnivdentthioenchuasmedbetor idsehfiignheetrhtehoanvetrheaxtpinanthsieocni,rtchueit,uansdsehro-ewxnpainsFiiognuroecc1u1rcs, wherne tahneepxrpesasnusrioeninastidceotnhsetacnhtavmobluemriesh(isgohcehrotrhica)nttahkaetsinpltahce,cirrecsuiltt,inasgsihnowanlairngeFrigvuarleue11ocf,winhdeicreataend epxopwaenrs.ion at constant volume (isochoric) takes place, resulting in a larger value of indicated power. Figure 11. SVRE experimental indicated cycle: (a) overexpansion; (b) nominal expansion; and (c) Figure 11. SVRE experimental indicated cycle: (a) overexpansion; (b) nominal expansion; and underexpansion. (c) underexpansion. Then, subtracting the friction-related mechanical losses, i.e., dry friction associated with the blades–stator relative motion, in SVRE [8] according to Equation (12), 743, 350, and 200 W mechanical power is assessed, in the scenarios in Figure 11c, Figure 11b, and Figure 11a, respectively. This highlights the importance of the pressure ratio across the expander, i.e., the proper matching of the vane and line pressures for reduced penalty on the recovered mechanical power. As a matter of fact, when a volumetric expander is used, apart from the clearance gap that bypasses the inner chamber of the expander, there is no communication between the high-pressure line (from pump exhaust to expander intake end) and the low-pressure line (from the expander exhaust start to pump intake). Thus, the maximum pressure and the minimum pressure can be considered independent [8]. The maximum pressure depends on the expander permeability, which is a function of the volumetric efficiency and the expander revolution speed: the higher the permeability, the lower the intake pressure for a fixed mass flow rate. For a given revolution speed, the intake pressure increases with a linear trend as a function of the mass flow rate, as shown in Figure 12a, which shows that the expander permeability determines the ORC-based power unit maximum pressure. Figure 12b reports the pressure at the condenser inlet and pump intake: both pressures grow linearly with the mass flow rate but with a lower slope than the intake pressure, as a consequence of the differences on the pressure losses. The higher pressure in the condenser—and consequently, at the pump intake—is due to the temperature of the water employed as the cooling medium. Figure 13a indicates that the temperature of R236fa at the condenser outlet is close to the water temperature across the condenser. As the mass flow rate increases, more power is recovered by the working fluid, and the heat rejected into the water stream increases, resulting in a higher temperature of the cooling medium at the condenser outlet (Figure 13b). Consequently, once the conditions of the low thermal source are set, the exhaust pressure is only slightly affected by the thermal power recovered by the working fluid. On the contrary, the maximum pressure can be easily changed through the variation of expander permeability, which shows a higher hydraulic impendence than any other component.PDF Image | Design of ORC Plant for Low-Grade Waste Heat Recovery
PDF Search Title:
Design of ORC Plant for Low-Grade Waste Heat RecoveryOriginal File Name Searched:
energies-13-05846-v2.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
| CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com | RSS | AMP |