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bearing principle. Dry gas seal has advantages of long service life, stable operation and small sealing power. Compared with other seals, gas leakage of the dry gas seal is tiny, and can realize the zero escape of the medium. It is an environmental protection type seal. With the continuous development of screw machinery, its application continuously expands, and the types and working state of the working fluid are becoming more and more complex and 1. Energies 2020, 13, 6586 13 of 26 diverse, so the single sealing method is difficult to meet the requirements. In order to meet the requirement of screw mechanical seal, some improvement and optimization are required. Several companies in the United States, Japan, Germany, Sweden and other countries have optimized the Four sealing systems of the United States I-R (Ingersoll Rand) company sealing of the screw mechanism. Below the shaft seal system of United States I-R (Ingersoll Rand) Company and Japan’s Kobelco will be briefly introduced [52]. (1) 1. (1) (2) (2) (3) (3) (4) (4) Standard labyrinth seal: The standard labyrinth seal is largely applicable to dry air, FounritsreoagleingasnydstedmrysvoafcthueuUmncitoenddSitaiotenssI.-RIt(cInangearlssoollaRpapnldy)tcomanpyandyrygasthatisnotdangerous and can be allowed for a small amount of leakage. Standard labyrinth seal: The standard labyrinth seal is largely applicable to dry air, nitrogen and Labyrinth water ring seal: this seal combines with the stainless-steel rotary tooth groove dry vacuum conditions. It can also apply to any dry gas that is not dangerous and can be allowed foraansdmtahlel abmaboubnittomf letaklasgtea.tionary bushing. On this basis, a water ring is added to prevent Lawbyorrinktihngwafltueridrinfrgosmeale: tahkiisnsgeaallcoonmgbtihnesawxisth. the stainless-steel rotary tooth groove and the babbitt metal stationary bushing. On this basis, a water ring is added to prevent working fluid Drive gas labyrinth seal: the seal can arrange injection air or inert gas, which is slightly from leaking along the axis. higher than the screw mechanical exhaust pressure, to prevent leakage. This seal is suitable Drive gas labyrinth seal: the seal can arrange injection air or inert gas, which is slightly higher for harmful and combustible materials, which are not allowed to leak into the atmosphere. than the screw mechanical exhaust pressure, to prevent leakage. This seal is suitable for harmful Mechanical seal: this seal is suitable for a place where the working medium is toxic or and combustible materials, which are not allowed to leak into the atmosphere. expensive or the drive gas labyrinth seal that cannot be used. The mechanical seal is Mechanical seal: this seal is suitable for a place where the working medium is toxic or expensive applied to a rotating sealing ring that is in perpendicular contact to the fixed surface, and an or the drive gas labyrinth seal that cannot be used. The mechanical seal is applied to a rotating seailnindgeprienngdtheanttisluinbrpiecrapteingdiocuillasrycsotenmtacftotropthresfisxuerdizsuinrgfacaen,dancdoaonliningdespeaenlsd,ewnthliucbhricnactilnugdes a oilmsyosttoerm-dfroirvepnreossiul rpizuimngpa, nfidltecor,oclionoglesrealns,dwfhuieclhtaincklu. des a motor-driven oil pump, filter, cooler and fuel tank. 2 The four typical sealing methods of the United States I-R company are shown in Figure 7. The four typical sealing methods of the United States I-R company are shown in Figure 7. (a) (b) (c) (d) Figure 7. Four seal systems of I-R company in the United States: (a) Standard labyrinth seal; (b) Labyrinth water ring seal; (c) Drive gas labyrinth seal; (d) Mechanical seal. 1. Oil throwing ring; 2. Bearing pedestal; 3 and 4. Fixed sealing liner; 5. Water ring; 6. Rotary seal groove; 7. Import of inert gas; 8. Sealing oil inlet; 9. Sealing chamber; 10. Spring; 11. Sealing ring; 12. Drive hoop; 13. Sealing sea. Two kinds of sealing systems of the Japanese’s Kobelco company (1) Bearing oil film seal: the seal depends on the oil film to prevent gas leakage, and it is used to buffer the gas that does not spoil the oil. (2) Mechanical sea: this sealing system applied in this situation that the buffer gas cannot be used or the oil is not allowed to enter the working chamber. The mechanical seal takes lubricating oil as the sealing liquid, and the material of the sliding parts is usually made of graphite carbide. Due to the excellent sliding member material, even in case of high-speed operation, it also shows its good stability.PDF Image | Development and Application of the Twin Screw Expander
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