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100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0%1% 88% 82% Conventional Unconventional 0% 3% 10% 18% 12% 0% 0% 1% 29% Figure 19. Conventional versus unconventional well distribution in the TDS requirement categories for each beneficial use. are available on the Powder River that consider effects beyond salinity of surface discharges of produced water. Given the high maximum TDS concentration for livestock watering of 10,000 mg/L, 18% of conventional wells and 88% of unconventional wells meet this requirement. For unconventional CBM wells, 29% of that 88% also meets TDS standards. Of the two databases, 82% and 12% of the conventional and unconventional wells, respectively, do not meet any of the above listed standards. These waters may meet subsequent beneficial use opportunities such as dust control, hydraulic fracturing, or enhanced oil recovery, but requirements for these processes are not explored or compared in this report. Potential use for these wells in the previous categories varies by location of the basin as well. By grouping drinking, ground water and surface water requirements into a single category, due to the low percentage of wells capable of meeting these standards, figure 20 was created. Using the same bar chart format, with consolidated categories, red bars represent water requiring treatment or water exceeding 10,000 mg/L TDS, yellow bars represent agriculture, green represents irrigation, and blue represents drinking, ground water or surface discharge. The results of the bar chart subsets are provided for the Western United States basins in figure 20. Figure 20 shows that only four basins have a majority of wells with a TDS level unsuitable for use without treatment; Permian, Anadarko, Central Kansas, and Williston. Given the poor water quality in these basins, treatment is required to meet uses originating in this region. Recall Texas is also the largest generator of 62 Percentage of wells meeting TDS criteria (%)PDF Image | Oil and Gas Produced Water Management
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