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Produced Water White Paper 54 5.2.5.1 Dust Control In most oil fields, the lease roads are unpaved and can create substantial dust. Some oil and gas regulatory agencies allow operators to spray produced water on dirt roads to control the dust. This practice is generally controlled so that produced water is not applied beyond the road boundaries or within buffer zones around stream crossings and near buildings. CBM produced water may be generated in areas with active surface coal mining. Surface mining, processing, and hauling are inherently dusty activities. Produced water can be used for dust suppression at those locations, too, if regulators allow the practice (Murphree 2002). 5.2.5.2 Vehicle and Equipment Washing ALL (2003) notes that some state and federal agencies recommend that vehicles and equipment leaving production sites be washed to control the possibility of distributing seeds of undesirable weed species. ALL does not state if CBM produced water is actually being used for this purpose at the present time. 5.2.5.3 Oil Field Use Peacock (2002) describes a program in New Mexico through which produced water is treated to remove hydrogen sulfide and then is used in drilling operations. This beneficial reuse saves more than 4 million bbl per year of local groundwater. 5.2.5.4 Use for Power Generation In at least one case, produced water is used to supply water to make steam. About 360,000 bpd of produced water from a ChevronTexaco facility in central California is softened and sent to a cogeneration plant as a source of boiler feed water (Brost 2002). Another potential use of produced water is cooling water. The electric power industry is the second largest user of freshwater in the United States, making up 38% of all freshwater withdrawn, or 150 billion gallons per day (USGS 1998). Conventional surface and ground water sources are no longer sufficient to meet increasing power plant needs in many parts of the country. Produced water represents a large-volume source of water that could potentially serve as make-up water for a power plant. In August 2003, DOE/NETL announced that it had awarded a contract to a group of researchers led by the Electric Power Research Institute to study the feasibility of using water produced from CBM production to meet up to 25% of the cooling water needs at the San Juan Generating Station in northwestern New Mexico. The researchers will evaluate the quality, quantity, and location of the produced water. They will also evaluate the existing produced water collection, transportation, and treatment systems for possible use inPDF Image | Produced Water from Production of Crude Oil
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