PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 063
Produced Water White Paper 55 delivering cooling water to the generating station. The results are expected in about two years. Argonne National Laboratory recently completed a study that evaluates the use of another alternative type of water supply for power plant cooling (Veil et al. 2003). Although that study considers underground pools formed in abandoned coal mines, many of the report’s discussions concerning water quality, water quantity, and mode of operation are relevant for using produced water as a cooling source. 5.2.5.5 Fire Control Fires often break out during the driest portions of the year and in areas experiencing drought conditions. In many cases, only limited surface and ground water resources are available for fire fighting in these areas. Although application of large volumes of saline produced water can have an impact on soils, this impact is far less devastating than a large fire. ALL (2003) reports that firefighters near Durango, Colorado, used CBM produced water impoundments as sources of water to fill air tankers (helicopters that spray water onto fires) during the summer of 2002. 5.2.6 Other Uses When water is scarce, its value increases. In water-poor areas, it may be cost-effective to treat produced water for use in many applications. It is likely that the range of potential uses will be expanded in the future. This is clearly an area where additional research could be fruitful. 5.3 Water Disposal Options Ideally, operators will find cost-effective produced water management approaches that employ water minimization, recycling, or reuse. However, much of the world’s produced water is not managed in those ways. Instead, it is disposed of through either discharge to surface water bodies or by underground injection. Although there certainly are exceptions, the following premises generally apply: - Most U.S. onshore oil and natural gas well operators inject their produced water for either enhanced recovery or for disposal. To a large extent, this is necessary because discharge from most onshore wells is prohibited. - Many U.S. CBM well operators try to discharge produced water to surface water bodies if they can obtain permission to do so. Section 5.2 outlined many ways in which CBM water can be reused. Future requirements to treat CBM water to meet more restrictive discharge standards may change the mix of options used. - Most U.S. offshore operators discharge produced water to the ocean if they are permitted to do so. Offshore produced water is also typically discharged in other parts of the world. Not surprisingly, different countries employ different discharge standards. A small percentage of offshore produced water is used for enhanced recovery operations.PDF Image | Produced Water from Production of Crude Oil
PDF Search Title:
Produced Water from Production of Crude OilOriginal File Name Searched:
ProducedWatersWP0401.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
| CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com | RSS | AMP |